Fluid-heating apparatus



June 24, 1930, R. D. SANDERS 1,766,802

FLUID HEATING APPARATUS Filed April 1a, 1929 7 In J:

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Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED-STATES RICHARD n. SANDERS, or NORFOLK, VIRGINIA PATENT OFFICE Application filed April 18,

The invention. relates to an apparatus for heating certainliquids to obtain gases therefrom.

The'objectvof the invention is to construct av comparatively simple apparatus which will produce extremely efficient results heretofore accomplished only by intricate and expensive methods. I, v

. Another object of the invention is to construct an apparatus inexpensive to manufacture and to maintain.

, With these and other objects in mind, the invention is illustrated by the drawing, which is a vertical sectional view of oneembodiment of my invention.

v The device comprises a substantially coneshaped double-walled member 1 of metal or other suitable material. Near the top thereof in the outer wall. is a holev2 with an airtight plug 3. The purpose of the double walled member is" to provide insulation for the apparatus within, and between the walls may be placed any suitable insulating material, although it has been found that to create a vacuum between the inner and outer walls, better results are thereby obtained.

Within the member lis a container 4 of suitable metal having attached at its top an outlet" pipe 5,, which extends through the double walls of member 1 in an air-tight manner'. Ba'ffles 6 are arranged on the outside and on theinside of the container 4, and on the bottom thereof, is a screw-threaded opening 7. Screwed intoppening ,7 is a casing 8, which has integrally or otherwiseattached thereto, a pipe 9, which'extends upwardly to a point near the" top of the container 4. Attached to a pipe 9 by means of arms 10, is a mushroom shaped member 11. It will be noted that the member 11 is quite near the top of the container4 and conforms to vthe shape thereof. The space between the top ofthe receptacle andthe mushroom shaped member ll'is restricted in order that the gas may be somewhat compressed before flowing into the outlet pipe; at the lower end of and entirely around casing 9 are holes 30.

' Screw-threaded within the casing 8, is a second casing12 which forms a protective covering for the electrical heating element the said container.

1929. Serial No. 356,280.

such as as'crew 18 which passes through a substantially semi-circular yoke 19, the edges of which are slightly hookedas at 20 and rest upon thelugs 21.- v

An inlet pipe 22 passes through the bottom member 15 into the container 4. Conveniently placed in said pipe is a check valve 23-to prevent any backflow of the liquid from said container 4. A pipe 24 leading into and terminating in the space between the container 4 and the outer member 1 has at its other end a gauge 25, the purpose of which is to indicate the pressure or vacuum therein,

and a safety valve 26 which when correctly set \v1ll allow excess pressure toescape as well be created too great a vacuum within. this space, u I y e .Attached to theoutlet pipe 5 is a suitable thermostat 27 and a gauge 28. The thermoas atmospheric pressure to enter should there stat is in circuit with the wires 29 leading to the electric heating coil and can be set forthe heat necessary for any particular operation of the apparatus, and will automatically break the circuit, and consequently shut off ,2 the current to the coil, should the heat become greater than desired. The gauge 28 indicates the pressure created in the container 4.

The operation of theapparatus is as follows: The liquid which is to be heated 1n order to obtain the desired gas is placed within container 4 through the inlet pipe 22to a point substantially below the mid-point of v The liquid will pass through the holes 30 of the casing-8 into the space between said casing and the inner protective casing 12 about heating. element. When the electric coil, as shown'in the drawings, is energized'andv the liquid .becemes heated, it will percolate through the p pe 9 i room member can then be disenga and upon striking the mushroom shaped ing said primary container and spaced theremember, will spray onto the baflies and in so doing, the gases will pass 011' into the outlet 1 p liould there be too much pressure created between the container 4, and the outer double walled member to heat expafll'iofl, it will indicate upon the gauge 25*and extreme pressure will escape through the safety valve 96. 10 When the apparatus cools, for example, after use, a vacuum will be created between the container 4 and the double walled member 1, and the valve 26 will then admit atmospheric pressure. After the heat becomes excessive u within the container 4, the thermostat 27 will operate to deeiiergize the heating element 13 and vice versa.

With this apparatus, it is possible to produce gas from liquids with a small amount of B heat. It has been found to be extremely eflicient in manufacturing ammonia vapor for refrigerating purposes. I y The a paratus can be easily disassembled b simp y disengaging the: screw 18 and 'is slightly turning the semi-circular yoke 05 of the lugs, which allows the bottommember to come out of en: ement with the double walled member 1. a e easing, pipe and mushas well "Q as the protective casin and heating element within the first nam' casin ,It' is understood thatvar ous than es in the construction can be made by those s illed in the art without departing from the spirit II of the invention set forth in the appended claims.

I claim I I i 1. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a primary fluid container hav- 40 in I an out-let, an upwardly rojecting secoifiary fluid container centra l disposed at the bottom of said rimary con ainer, a pipe extending from sai secondary container and delivering to the upper part of said primary container, a showering head for d verting fluid delivered by said-pipe downwardly into said primary container, heating means in said upwardly projectin secondary container, means res onsive tolem ereture iii .the outlet of sai prima container to control said heating means, an heat insulating means enclosing said primary container.

2. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a primary fluid container hav' an outlet, an upwardly proijecting secon ary fluid container centrally d spose in said primary container and, in communication therewith, a pipe leading from said secondary container to the upper portion of said primary container, a showering head to divert fluid delivered by said pipe downwardly into said primary container, means responsive to temperature in the outlet of said primary container to control said heating means, and heat insulating means enclosti0n therewith, a pipe le,

from.

3. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a primary fluid container havin an outlet, an upwardly projectin secon ary fluid container centrally dispose atthe of said primary ebnminer and in communication therewithfa" pipe leading from said secondary container to the upper portion at said primarycontainer, a showermg head to divert fluid delivered by said pipe downwardly into said primary container, means res onsive to temperature in the outlet of sai primary container to control said heatin means, heat insulating means enclosing sai primary container andspaced there. from, and means for controlling pressure'in the interspace between said primary"container and said insulating means.

4. In apparatus of the class described, thc combination of a primary fluid container hav ing an outlet, an upwardly rojecting secondary fluid container centr y disposed in the bottom of said primary container and in communication therewith, a pipe leading from said secondary container to the upper portion of said primary container, a shower, ing head to divert fluid delivered by said pipe downwardly into said" prhna container temperature responsive si nna In the outlet of said Iprim 1g container'fto control said heatin cans, eat ihmillltinglhB lnS encl sing sai' primary container and spaced therefrom, and means automatically to control pressure in the interspace between said primary container and said insulating means.

5. apparatus of the class described, the coinbinat on of a primary fluidcontainer havin an outlet at its top a secondary fluid conta nerat the lower on of said primary container and communicating therewith, a pipe Ieadin from said secondary container and deliv g to the upper part of said pri= mary container, means inte 7 betw en said pipe and the outlet olsa'i primary con-V cred by said pipe m gainer to (glivert fluid (2161i I ownwar y-jinto sai prii'n container, heating means in said Wei d; container, means I V onsive to temperat ire in the outlet qf sai primary container to control said heating means, a vacuum chamber enclosing said rimary container and spaced therefrom, and means automatically to control pressure in the interspace between said vacuum chamber and said fluid container.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a primary fluid container having an outlet, a secondary fluid container insai primary container and in communica- Om said secondary container and delive to the up part of said primary container, means tween the delivery end of said pipe and the outlet of said primary container to divert fluid delivered from said pipe downwardly into said primary container, heating means in said secondary container, means automatically to control said heating means, a vacuum chamber enclosing said primary container and spaced therefrom, a removable insulated closure for said vacuum chamber, and means carried by said closure automatically to control pressure in the interspace between said vacuum and said primary container.

7. In apparatus of theclass described, the combination of a primary fluid container having an outlet, a secondary fluid container in said primary container and in communication therewith, a pipe leading from said secondary container and delivering to the upper part of said primary container, means between the delivery end of said pipe and the outlet of said primary container to divert fluid delivered from said pipe downwardly into said primary container, heating means in said secondary container, temperature responsive means automatically to control said heating means, a vacuum chamber enclosing said primary container and spaced therefrom, a removable insulated closure for said vacuum chamber, and means carried by said closure automatically to control pressure in the interspace between said vacuum and said primary container.

8. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a primary fluid container having an outlet, a secondary fluid container within and in communication with said primary container, a pipe leading from said secondary container to the upper part of said primary container, means interposed between the end of said pipe and the outlet of said primary container to divert fluid delivered by said pipe downwardly into said primary container, heating means in said secondary container, temperature responsive means to control said heating means, a vacuum chamber enclosing said primary container and spaced therefrom, a removable insulated closure for said vacuum chamber, and means carried by said removable closure to control pressure in the interspace between said vacuum chamber and said fluid container.

9. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a primary fluid container having an outlet, a secondary fluid container within and in communication with said primary container, a pipe leading from said secondary container to the upper part of said primary container, means interposed between the end of said pipe and the outlet of said primary container to divert fluid delivered by said pipe downwardly into said primary container, heating means in said secondary container, a heat insulating chamber enclosing said primary container and spaced therefrom, a removable insulated closure for said heat insulating chamber, means carried by said removable closure to control the presmy hand.

RICHARD D. SANDERS. 

